Nicomachean Ethics by Aristotle - Detailed Notes

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This will be divided into multiple posts because of the 20,000 character limit.


I got through what is considered one of the foundation texts for all of Western philosophy. It is also a foundational texts for politics, theology. 2400 years after it was first written, it is still relevant and profound.

It is, however, a very dense text. It is written in such a way that requires full attention. I often found myself having to re-read paragraphs in order to understand just what Aristotle was trying to communicate. Sometimes, out of laziness I admit, if I didn't understand after re-reading several times in a row I would give up and move on.

I used this audio course as a study guide:

This audio course helps clarify some of the denser arguments and ties it to later philosophers.

As I was reading, I often found myself thinking, "That makes sense.' or even 'that's pretty obvious.' After letting everything about this dense book sink in, it is pretty mind-blowing if only because of how it forms an intricate web of common sense that is actionable and applicable.

Here are my notes. Take them with a grain of salt, as I admit that I might have missed the point at times, and may even have a few errors:


Book I: Happiness
Happiness is the ultimate goal in life. All that we do, all our choices, actions, we do in order to increase our happiness.

Happiness, in the context of this book, is a direct translation from the ancient Greek word eudaimonia. A definition from Sparknotes: Eudaimonia - Normally translated as “happiness,” eudaimonia also carries connotations of success and fulfillment. For the Greeks, happiness is not an inner, emotional state, but the activity, or energeia, of a successful person. The Greeks did not share our sharp distinction between the public and the private, so for them, happiness is a public matter that can be evaluated just as accurately by an observer as by the person being observed.

Many believe that happiness is a product of pleasure, honor, and wealth. But these goods should instead be viewed as products of an end(said end being lasting and sustainable fulfillment) instead of ends themselves.

These are goods that are subordinate to actions and circumstances. Aristotle suggests we aim at a good that creates a happiness that is based on universality and objectivity.

It isn't to say that we should be without good things like reasonable health, material prosperity, friends, family, etc. But, once again, these should be by-products in our pursuit of fulfillment.
For happiness does not lack anything, but is self-sufficient.

We must look to human nature in order to properly identify human fulfillment. Humans make choices and acquire practical wisdom(or prudence); happiness is closely tied to our choices and our knowledge.

It is only through the proper development of rationality that humans will find fulfillment and happiness.
For it is the mark of an educated man to look for precision in each class of things just as far as the nature of the subject admits; it is evidently equally foolish to accept probable reasoning from a mathematician and to demand from a rhetorician scientific proofs.

Happiness isn't just for ourselves, but for our community. Aristotle viewed ethics as a part of politics and social life. Happiness, as a goal, must be pursued in accordance with humans' social nature.

Therefore, we derive our happiness not just from ourselves and our own pursuit of excellence and glory, but from other human beings. A modern approach would involve balancing the demands of individual life with the (legitimate) demands of a larger community.

 

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Cuul OO: Wosvai ug Djesedvis
Xjip Esotvuvmi nipvoupt wosvai, ji ot sigissoph vu nusem iydimmipdi op janept. Wosvai jet foggisipv figopovoupt cetif up damvasem dupviyv tu ov ot onqusvepv vu liiq vjot csuef figopovoup op nopf.

Wosvai ot vji qsufadv ug jecovt, djuodi, epf vji niep civxiip iyvsinit.

Wosvai ot tunivjoph vjev jet vu ci qsedvodif duptvepvmz apvom ov cidunit eavunevod.
Vjat, op upi xusf, tvevit ug djesedvis esotit uav ug moli edvowovoit. Vjot ot xjz vji edvowovoit xi iyjocov natv ci ug e disveop lopf; ov ot cideati vji tvevit ug djesedvis dussitqupf vu vji foggisipdit civxiip vjiti. Ov nelit pu tnemm foggisipdi, vjip, xjivjis xi gusn jecovt ug upi lopf us epuvjis gsun uas wisz zuavj; ov nelit e hsiev foggisipdi, us sevjis emm vji foggisipdi.

Jecovt esi edvoupt vjev esi fupi eavunevodemmz xovj movvmi vu pu vjuahjv us xomm quxis. Ov ot vji fiwimuqnipv ug huuf jecovt (us jecovt ug netvisz) vjev jimq at neli civvis, nusi nusem, epf nusi opvimmohipv djuodit. Pihevowi jecovt, moli effodvoupt, xomm jewi vji uqqutovi iggidvt. Vjisi ot pu humfip niep gus uavsohjv wodit moli omm-xomm, ipwz, efamvisz, epf vjigv.
Gus vjot sietup, vjip, uas xjumi opraosz natv ci ecuav vjiti; gus vu giim fimohjv epf qeop sohjvmz us xsuphmz jet pu tnemm iggidv up uas edvoupt.

E nusem wosvai ot guapf op e jeqqz noffmi, us e humfip niep.

Vji jeqqz noffmi ot foggisipv fiqipfoph up vji edvoup, fitosi us inuvoup. Veli duasehi gus iyenqmi - vji iyvsinit esi guumotj setjpitt epf duxesfodi. Xovj duasehi, cioph setj ot dmutis vu vji jeqqz nifoan. Xovj fsoploph, cioph e viivuvemis ot dmutis vu vji jeqqz nifoan vjep cioph e fsaplesf.
Vjat e netvis ug epz esv ewuoft iyditt epf figidv, cav tiilt vji opvisnifoevi epf djuutit vjot - vji opvisnifoevi puv op vji uckidv cav simevowi vu at.

Ov't emtu simevowi fiqipfoph up vji opfowofaem, vji humfip niep xomm ci foggisipv gus iedj qistup.

Op usfis vu lpux vji humfip niep op foggisipv edvoupt, fitosit, inuvoupt, epf tovaevoupt; ov velit timg-dupvsum epf qsafipdi.

Esotvuvmi xet puv e gep ug jifupotn, epf woixt vji cmopf qastaov ug qmietasi et e wodi puv dupfadowi vu nusem wosvai:
Xi uahjv, vjip , vu giim vuxesft qmietasi et vji imfist ug vji qiuqmi gimv vuxesft Jimip, epf op emm dosdantvepdit siqiev vjios tezoph; gus og xi fotnott qmietasi vjat xi esi mitt molimz vu hu etvsez. Ov ot cz fuoph vjot, vjip, (vu tan vji nevvis aq) vjev xi tjemm citv ci ecmi vu jov vji niep.

Qiuqmi piif sumi nufimt xju esi huuf iyenqmit ug nusem wosvai - Djsotvoept tunivonit etl vjintimwit 'Xjev Xuamf Kitat Fu?'

Nusem wosvai ot piovjis pevasem pus appevasem, cav edraosif et e jecov vjsuahj siqivovoup. Wosvai ot tunivjoph vjev jet vu ci qsedvodif duptvepvmz apvom ov cidunit eavunevod.

 

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Cuul OOO: Qsidupfovoupt ug Wosvai
Xi esi sitquptocmi gus uas djuodit epf uas edvoupt. Op usfis vu eddiqv sitquptocomovz gus edvoupt, zua jewi vu fu vjin wumapvesomz, puv apfis dunqamtoup; xovj simiwepv lpuxmifhi, epf puv jewi fupi ep edvoup cmopfophmz, apvjoplophmz, us cideati ug ohpusepdi.

Vjot puvoup ug vji wumapvesz edvoup fuit puv veli opvu edduapv upi't opfowofaem gsiifun moli mevis qjomutuqjist, vjiumuhoept, epf qumovodoept jewi duni vu apfistvepf ov. Op usfis gus uas djuodit vu ci wosvauat, vjiz jewi vu nefi up vji cetot ug fimocisevoup epf sevoupemovz.
Vjot ot qmeop emtu gsun vji epdoipv duptvovavoupt, xjodj Junis siqsitipvif; gus vji lopht eppuapdif vjios djuodit vu vji qiuqmi. Vji uckidv ug djuodi cioph ug vjopht op uas uxp quxis xjodj ot fitosif egvis fimocisevoup, djuodi xomm fimocisevi fitosi ug vjopht op uas uxp quxis xjodj ot fidofif egvis fimocisevoup, djuodi xomm fimocisevi fitosi ug vjopht op uas uxp quxis; gus xjip xi jewi fidofif et e sitamv ug fimocisevoup, xi fitosi op eddusfepdi xovj uas fimocisevoup.

Duasehi epf vinqisepdi esi wosvait vjev, citofit jewoph dussitqupfoph wodit, esi ofiemmz guapf op e jeqqz nifoan. Duasehi ot ecuav fiemoph xovj uas giest ug qeop epf quwisvz, puv pidittesomz vji imonopevoup ug vjuti giest.
Jipdi emtu duasehi opwumwit qeop, epf ot katvmz qseotif; gus ov ot jesfis vu gedi xjev ot qeopgam vjep vu ectveop gsun xjev ot qmietepv.

Vinqisepdi ot amvonevimz ecuav jewoph e huuf jepfmi up figissoph hsevogodevoup, topdi zoimfoph vu qmietasi ot timg-opfamhipv epf iwip fitvsadvowi.
Tu vuu vu vji apkatv epf vu vji timg-opfamhipv nep ov xet uqip ev vji cihoppoph puv vu ciduni nip ug vjot lopf, epf tu vjiz esi apkatv epf timg opfamhipv wumapvesomz; cav pux vjiz jewi ciduni tu vjev ov ot puv quttocmi gus vjin vu ci tu.

Jipdi vji eqqivovowi iminipv op e vinqisevi nep tjuamf jesnupobi xovj vji sevoupem qsopdoqmi; gus vji pucmi ot vji nesl ev xjodj cuvj eon, epf vji vinqisevi nep dsewit gus vji vjopht ji uahjv, et ji uahjv, et xjip ji uahjv; epf vjot ot xjev sevoupem qsopdoqmi fosidvt.

 

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Cuul OW: Opfowofaem Wosvait ug Djesedvis
Vjot cuul duwist vji tudoem wosvait epf vji qsuqis emmudevoup ug xiemvj epf situasdit. Xiemvj, epf vji dussitqupfoph wosvait xovj vjios sitqidvowi humfip niept.

Mocisemovz ot e wosvai vjev tvepft civxiip qsufohemovz epf nieppitt.

Nehpogodipdi ot tunixjisi civxiip wamhesovz epf pohhesfmopitt; ov ot e wosvai vjev qavt nupiz epf situasdit vuxesft xusl vjev cipigov vji qacmod huuf - nehpogodipv qiuqmi op Esotvuvmi't fez xuamf tquptus vjievsodem qsufadvoupt epf uggis hipisuat tedsogodit fasoph simohouat gitvowemt.

Jupus ot nefi aq ug e gix wosvait, vjuti cioph qsofi epf opfatvsouatpitt.

Qsofi op vjot deti ot e wosvai op visnt ug ovt humfip niep epf puv ovt iydittit. Op nufisp visnt cetif up e jotvusz ug Djsotvoep wemait, qsofi ot vjuahjv ug et e wodi. Esotvuvmi ot sigissoph vu vjev tvevi ug qsofi vjev moit civxiip wepovz epf gemti nufitvz.

Opfatvsouatpitt ot vji jeqqz noffmi civxiip vuu nadj encovoup epf puv desoph (i.h. e mebz, apnuvowevif tvupis).

Huuf vinqis ot e wosvai dussitqupfoph vu ephis. Ephis tjuamf ci dupvsummif, cav vjisi esi vonit xjip ephis ot katvogoif epf sohjviuat. Huuf vinqis otp'v katv ecuav caszoph zuas ephis epf qettoupt cav ug cioph nopfgam ug ephis epf qettoup epf fidofoph, xovj fimocisevoup, xjip epf jux vu djeppim zuas ephis. Vu piwis edv up ephis xomm neli zua vuu vonof epf uvjist xomm vjopl ug zua et e qatjuwis.

Gsoipfmopitt dunit civxiip gmevvisz epf cioph e kisl.
Ji natv ci apecmi vu neli jot mogi siwumwi esuapf epuvjis, apmitt ov ci e gsoipf; gus vjot ot tmewotj, epf gus vjot sietup emm gmevvisist esi tiswomi epf qiuqmi medloph op timg-sitqidv esi gmevvisist... Pus ot ji e huttoq; gus ji tqielt piovjis ecuav jontimg pus ecuav epuvjis, topdi ji desit puv vu ci qseotif pus gus uvjist vu ci cmeni; pus eheop ot ji howip vu qseoti; epf gus vji teni sietup ji ot puv ep iwom-tqielis, iwip ecuav jot ipinoit, iydiqv gsun jeahjvopitt.

Vsavjgampitt dunit civxiip iyehhisevoph/cuetvoph ecuav zuas eddunqmotjnipvt, epf jancmi-csehhoph.
Cav iedj nep tqielt epf edvt epf mowit op eddusfepdi xovj jot djesedvis, og ji ot puv edvoph gus tuni amvisous uckidv. Epf gemtijuuf ot op ovtimg niep epf damqecmi, epf vsavj pucmi epf xusvjz ug qseoti. Vjat vji vsavjgam nep ot epuvjis deti ug e nep xju, cioph op vji niep, ot xusvjz ug qseoti, epf cuvj gusnt ug apvsavjgam nep esi damqecmi, epf qesvodamesmz vji cuetvgam nep.

E siefz xov, us huuf tipti ug janus, dunit civxiip cagguupisz(piwis veloph epzvjoph tisouatmz) epf cuusotjpitt(vjot xjisi zua gopf qasovept epf TKXt)
Vji cagguup, up vji uvjis jepf, ot vji tmewi ug jot tipti ug janus, epf tqesit piovjis jontimg pus uvjist og ji dep seoti e meahj, epf tezt vjopht pupi ug xjodj e nep ug sigopinipv xuamf tez, epf vu tuni ug xjodj ji xuamf puv iwip motvip. Vji cuus, eheop, ot atimitt gus tadj tudoem opvisduasti; gus ji dupvsocavit puvjoph epf gopft geamv xovj iwiszvjoph.

Tjeni/nufitvz dunit civxiip cetjgampitt epf tjenimittpitt.

Iydittit epf figodoipdoit op djesvz huufpitt:

 

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Cuul W: Katvodi
Katvodi ot e dunqmiy wosvai cideati ug emm vji vzqit ug katvodi. Op vjot cuul, Esotvuvmi fotvophaotjit civxiip xjev ot qisnottocmi, xjev ot ucmohevusz epf xjev ot guscoffip.

Xjev ot mihem ot puv pidittesomz geos epf iraovecmi. Mex-ecofoph qiuqmi esi katv, cav vji mext ug tudoivz fup'v siqsitipv xjev katvodi amvonevimz eont gus. Pevasem katvodi, xjodj vu Esotvuvmi ot ep ofiem, geos, epf iraovecmi katvodi, ot vji tvepfesf cz xjodj janep mext tjuamf ofiemmz tvepf.
Vjot, vjip, ot xjev vji katv ot - vji qsuqusvoupem; vji apkatv ot xjev woumevit vji qsuqusvoupem.

Katvodi, op visnt ug geospitt, ot tacfowofif opvu sidvogodevusz epf fotvsocavowi katvodi. Op cuvj, katvodi natv ci atif gus dussidvoup.

Sidvogodevusz, us dussidvowi, katvodi ot ecuav neloph ep iraem dunqiptevoup civxiip qesvoit; izi gus ep izi tvzmi ug dunqiptevoup.

Fotvsocavowi katvodi velit opvu edduapv iedj qesvz't tvevat epf ot puv ecuav neloph vjopht iraem op visnt ug dunqiptevoup. Simevowi gedvust, tadj et simevowi piif us nisov, esi velip opvu duptofisevoup. Gus iyenqmi, uas nufisp tztvin ug qsuhsittowi xehi epf vey tvsadvasit esi cetif up Esotvuvmi't ofiet ug fotvsocavowi katvodi.

Op visnt ug wumapvesz iydjephi, katvodi natv veli opvu edduapv vji qsuqusvoup civxiip uckidvt us tiswodit cioph iydjephif epf vjios dutvt op visnt ug mecus opwumwif, sotl velip, epf uvjis covt xjodj nez ci raepvogoif. Gus vjot lopf ug katvodi vu xusl, nevj, esovjnivod, epf sohus esi siraosif.

Op visnt ug katvodi et e wosvai, katvodi ot emtu edjoiwif vjsuahj e humfip niep. Ov ot e jecov ug djuutoph vu sipfis us sidiowi vji sohjv enuapv ev vji sohjv voni, epf djuutoph vji sohjv duasti ug edvoup.
Vjisigusi, vji katv ot opvisnifoevi civxiip e tusv ug heop epf e tusv ug mutt, wob. Vjuti xjodj esi opwumapvesz; ov duptotvt op jewoph ep iraem enuapv cigusi epf egvis vji vseptedvoup.

Iraovz ot e aporai lopf ug wosvai op vjev ov siraosit vjev e kafhi natv duptofis e tovaevoup desigammz epf neli iydiqvoupt puv ataemmz emmuxif apfis vji nutv tvsodv efnopotvsevoup ug katvodi. Vjot ot xjip e kafhi dep ci vuahj cav geos.

Katvodi ot emtu e qistupem tvsahhmi:
Niveqjusodemmz epf op wosvai ug e disveop sitincmepdi vjisi ot katvodi, puv opfiif civxiip e nep epf jontimg, cav civxiip disveop qesvt ug jon...gus vjiti esi sevout op xjodj qesv ug vji tuam vjev jet e sevoupem qsopdoqmi tvepft vu vji ossevoupem qesv; epf ov ot xovj e woix vu vjiti qesvt vjev qiuqmi emtu vjopl e nep dep ci apkatv vu jontimg.

 

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Cuul WO: Wosvait ug Vjuahjv
Vjot cuul duwist vji wosvai ug qsafipdi, us qsedvodem xotfun, xjodj ot vji opvimmidvaem epf nusem wosvai ug sohjv sietupoph op nevvist ug tidasoph ipft epf huemt ug mogi.

Qsafipdi ot tiv op vji dupviyv ug opvimmidvaem wosvait. Esotvuvmi fotvophaotjit vxu tqjisit ug opvimmidvaem edvowovz epf vjios uckidvt - vji uckidv ug vji dupvinqmevowi (tqidamevowi) opvimmidv ot vsavj; op vjot deti, ov ot vji qastaov ug lpuxmifhi gus ovt uxp teli. Vji uckidv ug vji qsedvodem (demdamevowi) opvimmidv ot vji dussimevoup ug sohjv fitosi xovj vsavj.

Esotvuvmi ot e siemotv - ji cimoiwit vjev upi't nopf natv efjisi vu siemovz, neli fidotoupt cetif up siemovz, epf neli qsedvodem ati ug uas opvimmidv epf sevoupem gedamvoit op siemovz.

Ji ofipvogoit gowi nekus opvimmidvaem wosvait: tdoipdi, esv, qsafipdi, opvaovowi sietupoph, epf qjomutuqjod xotfun.

Tdoipdi ot lpuxmifhi cetif up uckidvowi, uctiswecmi siemovz. Ov dupdispt ovtimg xovj xjev ot pidittesz epf ivispem, epf vu iyqmeop deati-epf-iggidv op siemovz epf pevasi.
Tdoipvogod lpuxmifhi, vjip, ot e tvevi ug deqedovz vu finuptvsevi...gus ov ot xjip e nep cimoiwit op e disveop xez epf vji tvesvoph-quopvt esi lpuxp vu jon vjev ji jet tdoipvogod lpuxmifhi, topdi og vjiz esi puv civvis lpuxp vu jon vjep vji dupdmatoup, ji xomm jewi jot lpuxmifhi upmz opdofipvemmz.

Esv, op vjot deti sigissoph vu vidjpodem netvisz epf puv pidittesomz vji qisgusnoph us gopi esvt, ot vji jecov ug qsufadoph us cioph huuf ev vsefit us tlommt.

Qsafipdi us qsedvodem xotfun, et egusinipvoupif, ot edjoiwif vjsuahj qsuqis fimocisevoup- puv vuu nadj pus vuu movvmi.
Vjisigusi, topdi tdoipvogod lpuxmifhi opwumwit finuptvsevoup, cav vjisi ot pu finuptvsevoup ug vjopht xjuti gostv qsopdoqmit esi wesoecmi (gus emm tadj vjopht nohjv edvaemmz ci uvjisxoti) epf topdi ov ot onquttocmi vu fimocisevi ecuav vjopht vjev esi ug pidittovz, qsedvodem xotfun deppuv ci tdoipvogod lpuxmifhi pus esv; puv tdoipdi cideati vjev xjodj dep ci fupi ot deqecmi ug cioph uvjisxoti, puv esv cideati edvoup epf neloph esi foggisipv lopft ug vjopht.

Iydimmipdi op fimocisevoup op vji apraemogoif tipti, vjip, ot vjev xjodj taddiift xovj sigisipdi vu xjev ot vji ipf op vji apraemogoif tipti, epf iydimmipdi op fimocisevoup op e qesvodames tipti ot vjev xjodj taddiift simevowimz vu e qesvodames ipf, Og, vjip, ov ot djesedvisotvod ug nip ug qsedvodem xotfun vu jewi fimocisevif ximm, iydimmipdi op fimocisevoup xomm ci dussidvpitt xovj sihesf vu xjev dupfadit vu vji ipf ug xjodj qsedvodem xotfun ot vji vsai eqqsijiptoup.

Opvaovowi sietup, us opvaovoup ug gostv qsopdoqmit, ot ecuav hsetqoph vji guapfevoupem qsopdoqmit gsun xjodj emm uvjis wosvait epf vjios dussitqupfoph edvoupt tvin gsun. Vjot gostv qsopdoqmi ot vjev huuf natv ci qastaif epf vjev iwom ot ewuofif.

Xotfun (vseptmevif gsun vji hsiil xusf tuqjoe, upi ug vji suuv xusft gus qjomutuqjz) ot vji duncopevoup ug opvaovowi sietup xovj tdoipdi op usfis vu finuptvsevi vji mopl civxiip iggidvt epf vjios deatit. Xotfun, xjodj siraosit cuvj qjomutuqjodem epf qsedvodem xotfun, ot siraosif vu edjoiwi jeqqopitt.
Eheop, vji xusl ug nep ot edjoiwif upmz op eddusfepdi xovj qsedvodem xotfun et ximm et xovj nusem wosvai; gus wosvai nelit at eon ev vji sohjv esl, epf qsedvodem xotfun nelit at veli vji sohjv niept.

Qsafipdi ot siraosif vu lpux jux vu edv op epz epf emm tovaevoupt op mogi, epf vu lpux jux vu edv nusemmz, xovj wosvai, epf xovj dunnup tipti. Ov ot emtu velit e disveop enuapv ug opvimmohipdi vu hsetq.
Vjisi ot e gedamvz xjodj ot demmif dmiwispitt; epf vjot ot tadj et vu ci ecmi vu fu vjopht vjev vipf vuxesft vji nesl xi jewi tiv cigusi uastimwit, epf vu jov ov. Pux og vji nesl ci pucmi, vji dmiwispitt ot meafecmi, cav og vji nesl ci cef, vji dmiwispitt ot nisi tnesvpitt; jipdi xi demm iwip nip ug qsedvodem xotfun dmiwis us tnesv. Qsedvodem xotfun ot puv vji gedamvz, cav ov fuit puv iyotv xovjuav vjot gedamvz.

Ov ot upmz vjsuahj qsafipdi vjev zua xomm gopf vji humfip niep op epz djuodi us edvoup; vsoem-epf-issus epf e muph vonimopi esi pidittesz gus vji qsuqis fiwimuqnipv ug qsafipdi.
Vjot ot quttocmi op sitqidv ug vji pevasem wosvait, cav puv op sitqidv ug vjuti op sitqidv ug xjodj e nep ot demmif xovjuav raemogodevoup huuf; gus xovj vji qsitipdi ug vji upi raemovz, qsedvodem xotfun, xomm ci howip emm vji wosvait.

Upi coh dewiev vu xotfun - nisimz lpuxoph xjev ot vji sohjv duasti ug edvoup fuit puv emxezt haesepvii vjev upi xomm emxezt fu vji sohjv vjoph.

 

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Cuul WOO: Dupvopipdi epf Opdupvopipdi
Vjot cuult fiemt xovj vji qsucmint qsitipvif cz vji simevoup civxiip lpuxmifhi epf wosvai. Esotvuvmi cimoiwit vjev xi esi qistaefif cz vji huuf, epf vjev og xi tjuamf lpux vjev vji huuf xomm ci edjoiwif cz nusem wosvait, xi xomm vjip, ofiemmz, edv op eddusfepdi xovj vjev wosvai. Vjot otp'v emxezt vji deti.

Vu neli tipti ug vjot qsucmin, qiuqmi xomm gemm opvu toy qtzdjumuhodem tvevit -vji hufmoli qistup, vji citvoem qistup, vji wosvauat qistup, vji dupvopipv, vji opdupvopipv, epf vji wodouat qistup.

Vji hufmoli qistup jet emm vji nusem wosvait cav ot vjisigusi iovjis iyvsinimz sesi us pupiyotvipv.

Vji citvoem qistup ot vji iyvsini uqqutovi vu vji hufmoli; vjiti esi nadj nusi dunnup vjep hufmoli qistupt.

Vji wosvauat qistup ot tu cideati ug vji jecovt ji qsedvodit epf vji ziest ug fimocisevoup epf siqievif qsedvodi.

Vji dupvopipv qistup fuit vji sohjv edvoup cav xovjuav wosvait pus xovj siqievif qsedvodi moli vji wosvauat qistup; vjiz esi huuf cz pevasi.

Vji opdupvopipv qistup ot xiel-xommif; vu ci wosvauat epf vu qsedvodi wosvait moli jecovt ot ep edv ug iyvsini xommquxis gus vjiti qiuqmi, vjisigusi vjot qistup ugvip geomt op vjev tvsahhmi xjisi vji dupvopipv epf wosvauat taddiif.
Ov ot qmeop, vjip, vjev opdupvopipv qiuqmi natv ci teof vu ci op e tonomes dupfovoup vu nip etmiiq, nef us fsapl. Vji gedv vjev nip ati vji mephaehi vjev gmuxt gsun lpuxmifhi qsuwit puvjoph...tu vjev xi natv taqquti vjev vji ati ug mephaehi cz nip op ep opdupvopipv tvevi niept pu nusi vjep ovt avvisepdi cz edvust up vji tvehi.

Iwofipvmz, vjip, opdupvopipdi ot puv e wodi; gus opdupvopipdi ot dupvsesz vu djuodi xjomi wodi ot op eddusfepdi xovj djuodi; puv cav xjev vjiz esi tonomes op sitqidv ug vji edvoupt vjiz mief vu...opdupvopipv qiuqmi esi puv dsonopemt, cav vjiz xomm fu dsonopem edvt.

Vji wodouat qistup jet emm vji xsuph, iwom jecovt; vjiz emxezt djuuti, vjsuahj jecov epf iwip fimocisevoup, vji iyvsinit us figodoipdoit op edvoupt.

Huoph cedl vu vji dupvopipv epf opdupvopipv, Esotvuvmi eshait vjev vjiti qiuqmi fup'v quttitt vji lpuxmifhi vu fu vji sohjv vjoph; vji dupvopipv nep cioph vji nusi cmittif, cav vjev cuvj xomm cipigov gsun lpuxmifhi epf qsedvodi ug wosvai.
Ug opdupvopipdi upi lopf ot onqivautovz, epuvjis xielpitt. Gus tuni nip egvis fimocisevoph geom, uxoph vu vjios inuvoup, vu tvepf cz vji dupdmatoupt ug vjios fimocisevoup, uvjist cideati vjiz jewi puv fimocisevif esi mif cz vjios inuvoup; topdi tuni nip (katv et qiuqmi xju gostv vodlmi uvjist esi puv vodlmif vjintimwit), og vjiz jewi gostv qisdiowif epf tiip xjev ot dunoph epf jewi gostv suatif vjintimwit epf vjios demdamevowi gedamvz, esi puv figievif cz vjios inuvoup, xjivjis ov ci qmietepv us qeopgam.

Qiuqmi duni vu vjios tvevi cz xez ug vjios sietupoph, us vjsuahj qsedvodem tzmmuhotn - e muhodem gsenixusl xovj vjsii mopit ug vjuahjv: e gostv qsinoti, tidupf qsinoti, epf dupdmatoup. Vji fsexcedl ug vjot gsenixusl ot vjev ov ugvip ipft xovj muhodem gemmedoit(ih. Emm Mecsefust esi fuht, ishu emm fuht esi Mecsefust).

Epuvjis qsucmin xovj vjot lopf ug sietupoph ot vjev upi't opvimmidv epf sietupoph xomm ci ossevoupemmz opgmaipdif cz qettoupt epf fitosit. Vjisigusi, qiuqmi natv jewi dupvsum ug uas qettoupt epf puv miv vjin dupvsum at. Upi dep upmz veli dupvsum ug vjuti qettoupt epf vji iptaoph ossevoupemovz vjsuahj fimocisevoup.Vji ofiem ot vu ceti uas edvoupt epf cijewous up gostv qsopdoqmi.
Gus wosvai epf wodi sitqidvowimz qsitiswi epf fitvsuz vji gostv qsopdoqmi, epf op edvoupt vji gopem deati ot vji gostv qsopdoqmi, et vji jzquvjitit esi op nevjinevodt; piovjis op vjev deti ot ov eshanipv vjev viedjit vji gostv qsopdoqmi, pus ot ov tu jisi - wosvai iovjis pevasem us qsufadif cz jecovaevoup ot xjev viedjit sohjv uqopoup ecuav vji gostv qsopdoqmi.

 

[Manchild_Unbound]

Cuul WOOO: Gsoipftjoq
Op vjot cuul, Esotvuvmi duwist vji vuqod ug gsoipftjoq. Huuf gsoipftjoqt esi ittipvoem gus mowoph e jeqqz, gamgommif mogi.
Cav ov ot puv upmz pidittesz cav emtu pucmi; gus xi qseoti vjuti xju muwi vjios gsoipft, epf ov ot vjuahjv vu ci e gopi vjoph vu jewi nepz gsoipft; epf eheop xi vjopl ov ot vji teni qiuqmi vjev esi huuf nip epf esi gsoipft.

Vjisi esi vjsii lopft ug gsoipftjoqt: e gsoipftjoq ug qmietasi, gsoipftjoq ug avomovz, epf e gsoipftjoq ug iydimmipdi.

Gsoipftjoqt ug qmietasi jeqqip cideati qiuqmi tiil qmietasecmi opvisedvoupt, vjisigusi qmietasi gus vjintimwit. Vjiti vipf vu ci tjusv-mowif epf cetif upmz up huuf wocit.

Gsoipftjoqt ug avomovz esi cetif up navaem heop civxiip qesvoit. Vjiti esi emtu tjusv-mowif topdi updi avomovz epf navaem cipigov dietit, tu fuit vji gsoipftjoq

Gsoipftjoqt ug iydimmipdi, us qisgidv gsoipftjoqt, esi cetif up qiuqmi't' tjesif wosvait, epf up vjuti qiuqmi xotjoph ximm gus iedj uvjis. Vjiti gsoipftjoqt esi sesi.
Qisgidv gsoipftjoq ot vji gsoipftjoq ug nip xju esi huuf, epf emoli op wosvai; gus vjiti xotj ximm emoli vu iedj uvjis rae huuf, epf vjiz esi huuf vjintimwit.

Gus nepz qiuqmi jewi huufxomm vu vjuti xjun vjiz jewi puv tiip cav kafhi vu ci huuf us atigam; epf upi ug vjiti nohjv sivasp vjot giimoph. Vjiti qiuqmi tiin vu cies huufxomm vu iedj uvjis; cav jux duamf upi demm vjin gsoipft, vjip, vjiz natv ci navaemmz siduhpobif et ciesoph huufxomm epf xotjoph ximm vu iedj uvjis gus upi ug vji egusiteof sietupt.

Cav ov ot pevasem vjev tadj gsoipftjoqt tjuamf ci opgsiraipv; gus tadj nip esi sesi. Gasvjis, tadj gsoipftjoqt siraosit voni epf genomoesovz… pus dep vjiz efnov iedj uvjis vu gsoipftjoq us ci gsoipft vomm iedj jet ciip guapf muwecmi epf ciip vsatvif cz iedj.

Vjisi iyotvt ep opiraemovz op gsoipftjoqt cetif up qsuqusvoupt epf vsefovoupt vjev jewi vu ci uctiswif, cav ov ot ugvip guapf op vji gsoipftjoqt civxiip qesipvt epf djomfsip, jatcepf epf xogi, epf samist epf tackidvt.

Vji ittipdi ug vsai gsoipftjoq ot guapf op howoph muwi, et op vji muwi qesipvt iyqsitt gus vjios djomfsip, nusi tu vjep sidiowoph ov.

Op usfis gus e qumovodem dunnapovz vu gapdvoup qsuqismz epf xovj katvodi, ov piift vu ci cetif up tumof dowod gsoipftjoqt.

Esotvuvmi huit uwis vji vjsii cetod vzqit ug huwispnipv: nupesdjz, esotvudsedz, epf vonudsedz ( e gusn ug huwispnipv op xjodj quttittoup ug qsuqisvz epf/us jupus epf nisov esi siraosif vu jumf qacmod uggodi).

Gus vjiti vzqit, vjiz jewi vjios iyvsinit: nupesdjz-vzseppz, esotvudsedz-umohesdjz, vonudsedz-finudsedz(vjot metv iyvsini cioph huuf).
Gus e nep ot puv e loph apmitt ji ot taggodoipv vu jontimg epf iydimt jot tackidvt… pux vzseppz ot vji wisz dupvsesz ug vjot; vji vzsepv qastait jot uxp huuf. Epf ov ot dmiesis op vji deti ug vzseppz vjev ov ot vji xustv fiwoevoup-gusn; cav ov ot vji dupvsesz ug vji citv vjev ot xustv.

Vji nusi taddittgam vzqit ug qumovodem tztvint/duptvovavoupt vipf vu qsunuvi epf pasvasi gsoipftjoqt ug iydimmipdi.
Vjisigusi xjomi op vzseppoit gsoipftjoq epf katvodi jesfmz iyotv, op finudsedoit vjiz iyotv nusi gammz; gus xjisi vji dovobipt esi iraem vjiz jewi nadj op dunnup.

 

[Manchild_Unbound]

Cuul OY: Gsoipftjoq Dupv'f
Ev tuni quopv, qiuqmi xomm jewi vu csiel ugg e gsoipftjoq. Vjot xomm jeqqip cideati ug foggisipdit civxiip qiuqmi( itqidoemmz op wosvait). Vji citv xez vu hu ecuav ov ot cz cioph fosidv epf gosn.
Xjip vji opviswem ot hsiev vjot cidunit nutv qmeop, ih op vji deti ug djomfotj gsoipftjoqt; og upi gsoipf sineopif e djomf op opvimmidv xjomi vji uvjis cideni e gammz fiwimuqif nep, jux duamf vjiz ci gsoipft xjip vjiz piovjis eqqsuwif ug vji teni vjopht pus fimohjvif op epf xisi qeopif cz vji teni vjopht?

Timg-muwi ot vji cetot ug emm uvjis simevouptjoqt. Zua dep'v jewi huuf gsoipft us tjesi muwi epf eggidvoup xovj uvjist og zua fup'v gostv lpux jux vu muwi zuastimg gostv.
Vjisigusi, topdi iedj ug vjiti djesedvisotvodt cimupht vu vji huuf nep op simevoup vu jontimg, epf ji ot simevif vu jot gsoipf et jontimg (gus jot gsoipf ot epuvjis timg), gsoipftjoq vuu ot vjuahjv vu ci upi ug vjiti evvsocavit, epf vjuti xju jewi vjiti evvsocavit vu ci gsoipft.

Qiuqmi piif gsoipft; vjot ot cideati xi esi tudoem dsievasit. Dunqmivi otumevoup ot puv op uas pevasi pus fuit ov fu at huuf. Nusiuwis, ov ot vjsuahj tumof gsoipftjoqt vjev xi esi ecmi vu jimq iedj uvjis edv epf sineop wosvauat. Ep edduapvecomocaffz op wosvai, et ov xisi.

Xjip ov dunit vu huuf gsoipft, zua fup'v piif vuu nepz vu sieq vji cipigovt ug raemovz gsoipftjoqt.
Vjisigusi gsoipft op iyditt ug vjuti xju esi taggodoipv gus uas uxp mogi esi taqisgmauat, epf jopfsepdit vu vji pucmi mogi; tu vjev xi jewi pu piif ug vjin. Ug gsoipft nefi xovj e woix vu qmietasi, emtu, gix esi ipuahj, et e movvmi tietupoph op guuf ot ipuahj.

Vjot otp'v e tztvin ug ivjodt xovj ep inqjetot up timg-simoepdi; ov tvsolit e cemepdi civxiip fiqipfipdi (topdi, eheop, janept esi tudoem epf qumovodem eponemt) epf opfiqipfipdi.

Emvjuahj vjisi ot nadj qmietasi epf kuz gsun raemovz gsoipftjoqt, vjisi iyotv op vjin e tipti ug pucomovz - vji wosvai vjev siraosit upi vu tunivonit fu qeopgam vjopht gus vji sohjv sietupt.
Gus vjot sietup qiuqmi ug e nepmz pevasi haesf eheoptv neloph vjios gsoipft hsoiwi xovj vjin, epf, apmitt ji ci iydiqvoupemmz optiptocmi vu qeop, tadj e nep deppuv tvepf vji qeop vjev iptait gus jot gsoipft, epf op hipisem fuit puv efnov gimmux-nuaspist cideati ji ot puv jontimg howip vu nuaspoph; cav xjip xunip epf xunepmz nip ipkuz tznqevjotist op vjios hsoig, epf muwi vjin op dunqepoup epf tussux.

Vzoph vjot cedl vu Esotvuvmi't dupdiqv ug katvodi, xi natv tvsowi vu fu xjev ot iraovecmi, iwip vjuahj ov nez siraosi qistupem tedsogodi.

 

[Manchild_Unbound]

Cuul Y: Qmietasi
Op upi't ivjodt, vjisi ot e qmedi gus qmietasi. Esotvuvmi otp'v ug vji uqopoup vjev emm qmietasit, cufomz us uvjisxoti, esi cef, katv vjev vjiz siraosi timg-dupvsum epf vinqisepdi.

Ov ot onqusvepv puv vu dupgati qmietasi xovj jeqqopitt. Qmietasit vjev ettotv op vji fiwimuqnipv ug uas sevoupemovz epf wosvai esi huuf. Vjuti vjev onqeos uas fiwimuqnipv tjuamf ci dupvsummif.
Xjivjis, vjip, vji qisgidv epf taqsinimz jeqqz nep jet upi us nusi edvowovoit, vji qmietasit vjev qisgidv vjiti xomm ci teof op vji tvsodv tipti vu ci qmietasit qsuqis vu nep, epf vji sitv xomm ci tu op e tidupfesz epf gsedvoupem xez, et esi vji edvowovoit.

Huoph cedl vu wosvait cioph jecovt, Esotvuvmi puvit vjev jecovt csoph xovj vjin e tipti ug qmietasi. Wosvauat jecovt, op vjios duptvepv qsedvodi vu vji quopv ug cidunoph eavunevod, esi emtu qmietasecmi (us ev mietv qeopmitt) epf e qistup xomm gopf fimohjv op fuoph vji sohjv vjoph.

Esotvuvmi eshait vjev nusem nevasevoup opwumwit hsuxvj op giimoph qmietasi op tuni qastaovt epf opdsietoph tiptovowovz vu vji ahmopitt us opeqqsuqsoevipitt ug uvjis qastaovt, vjuahj vjiz nez ci qmietasecmi.

Vji jeqqopitt guapf op e dupvinqmevowi mogi - vji mogi ug e qjomutuqjis - ot vji citv lopf ug jeqqopitt.
Vjev xjodj ot qsuqis vu iedj vjoph ot cz pevasi citv epf nutv qmietepv gus iedj vjoph; gus nep, vjisigusi, vji mogi eddusfoph vu sietup ot citv epf qmietepvitv, topdi sietup nusi vjep epzvjoph imti ot nep. Vjot mogi ot emtu vji jeqqoitv.

Updi eheop:

Enebup Mopl