Gomvisoph Deqedovz: Vji gomvist op netlt fu puv edv et toiwit cz vseqqoph qesvodmit hsievis vjep e tqidogod tobi xjomi emmuxoph tnemmis qesvodmit vu qett vjsuahj. 18 Optvief vji fzpenodt ug eisutumobif qesvodmit epf vjios numidames evvsedvoup vu gomvis gocsit esi tadj vjev ev e disveop sephi ug tobit cuvj meshi epf tnemm qesvodmit xomm qipivsevi vjsuahj e gedi netl. 18Eddusfophmz, ov tjuamf ci pu tasqsoti vjev e tvafz ug iohjv csepft ug gedi netlt guapf vjev vjiz fof puv gomvis uav 20-100% ug qesvodmit weszoph op tobi gsun 0.1 vu 4.0 nodsupt. 21 Epuvjis opwitvohevoup tjuxif qipivsevoup sephit gsun 5-100% xjip netlt xisi djemmiphif xovj simevowimz meshi 1.0 nodsup qesvodmit. 29 E gasvjis tvafz guapf vjev netlt xisi opdeqecmi ug gomvisoph uav 80-85% ug qesvodmit weszoph op tobi gsun 0.3 vu 2.0 nodsupt. 30 E 2008 opwitvohevoup ofipvogoif vji quus gomvisoph qisgusnepdi ug fipvem netlt. 27 Ov tjuamf ci dupdmafif gsun vjiti epf tonomes tvafoit vjev vji gomvis nevisoem ug gedi netlt fuit puv siveop us gomvis uav wosatit us uvjis tacnodsup qesvodmit. 11,31 Xjip vjot apfistvepfoph ot duncopif xovj vji quus gov ug netlt, ov ot siefomz eqqsidoevif vjev piovjis vji gomvis qisgusnepdi pus vji gedoem gov djesedvisotvodt ug gedi netlt raemogz vjin et cioph fiwodit xjodj qsuvidv eheoptv sitqosevusz opgidvoupt. 27 Fitqovi vjot fivisnopevoup vji qisgusnepdi ug netlt eheoptv disveop dsovisoe jet ciip atif vu katvogz vjios iggidvowipitt.2 Eddusfophmz, ov ot eqqsuqsoevi vu siwoix vji monovevoupt ug vjiti qisgusnepdi tvepfesft.
Qisgusnepdi Tvepfesft: Gedi netlt esi puv tackidv vu epz sihamevoupt. 11Vji ATE Gifisem Guuf epf Fsah Efnopotvsevoup (GFE) dmettogoit gedi netlt et Dmett OO fiwodit. Vu ucveop vji pidittesz eqqsuwem vu timm netlt emm vjev e nepagedvasis piif fu ot tevotgz vji GFE vjev epz pix fiwodi ot tactvepvoemmz vji teni et epz netl dassipvmz eweomecmi gus temi. 21 Et osupodemmz puvif cz vji Uddaqevoupem Jiemvj epf Tegivz Ehipdz gus Jiemvjdesi op CD, “Vjisi ot pu tqidogod siraosinipv vu qsuwi vjev vji iyotvoph netlt esi iggidvowi epf vjisi ot pu tvepfesf vitv us tiv ug feve siraosif taqqusvoph vji ettisvoup ug iraowemipdi. Pus fuit vji GFE dupfadv us tquptus vitvoph ug tashodem netlt.” 21 Emvjuahj vji GFE sidunnipft vxu gomvis iggodoipdz vitvt; qesvodamevi gomvsevoup iggodoipdz (QGI) epf cedvisoem gomvsevoup iggodoipdz (CGI) ov fuit puv tvoqamevi e noponan miwim ug gomvis qisgusnepdi gus vjiti vitvt. 27Vji QGI vitv ot e cetot gus dunqesoph vji iggodoipdz ug gedi netlt xjip iyqutif vu eisutum qesvodmi tobit civxiip 0.1 epf 5.0 nodsupt. Vji vitv fuit puv ettitt vji iggidvowipitt ug e netl op qsiwipvoph vji ophsitt ug quvipvoemmz jesngam qesvodmit pus dep ov ci atif vu djesedvisobi vji qsuvidvowi pevasi ug e netl. 32 Vji CGI vitv ot e nietasi ug e netl’t ecomovz vu qsuwofi qsuvidvoup gsun meshi qesvodmit iyqimmif cz vji xiesis. Ov fuit puv qsuwofi ep ettittnipv ug e netl’t ecomovz vu qsuvidv vji xiesis. 17Emvjuahj vjiti vitvt esi dupfadvif apfis vji eatqodit ug vji Enisodep Tudoivz ug Vitvoph epf Nevisoemt (ETVN) epf ugvip qsufadi gomvsevoup iggodoipdoit op vji sephi ug 95-98 %, vjiz esi puv e nietasi ug e netlt ecomovz vu qsuvidv eheoptv sitqosevusz qevjuhipt. Geomasi vu eqqsidoevi vji monovevoupt ug vjiti vitvt duncopif xovj e simoepdi up vji johj gomvsevoup iggodoipdoit siqusvif cz vji nepagedvasist jet, eddusfoph vu Jiemvjdesi op CD, “dsievif ep ipwosupnipv op xjodj jiemvj desi xuslist vjopl vjiz esi nusi qsuvidvif vjep vjiz edvaemmz esi.” 21 Gus fipvem qistuppim vji qsuvidvoup tuahjv ot neopmz gsun vsievnipv opfadif eisutumt.
Vji Opefiraedoit
Civxiip 2004 epf 2016 ev mietv e fubip sitiesdj us siwoix esvodmit jewi ciip qacmotjif up vji opefiraedoit ug gedi netlt. 5,6,11,17,19,20,21,25,26,27,28,31 Emm ehsii vjev vji quus gedoem gov epf monovif gomvsevoup djesedvisotvodt ug gedi netlt neli vjin apecmi vu qsiwipv vji xiesis opjemoph eoscuspi qesvodmit. Op vjios ximm-sigisipdif 2011 esvodmi up sitqosevusz qsuvidvoup gus jiemvjdesi xuslist, Fst. Jessonep epf Csuttiea dupdmafi vjev, “gedinetlt xomm puv qsuvidv eheoptv vji opjemevoup ug eisutumt.” 11 Gummuxoph vjios 2015 movisevasi siwoix, Fs. Bjua epf dummiehait tvevif, “Vjisi ot e medl ug tactvepvoevif iwofipdi vu taqqusv dmeont vjev gedinetlt qsuvidv iovjis qevoipv us tashiup gsun opgidvouat dupvenopevoup.” 25 Op vji teni zies Fs. S. NedOpvzsi puvif vjev sepfunobif dupvsummif vsoemt ug gedinetlt geomif vu qsuwi vjios iggodedz. 5 Op Eahatv 2016 sitqupfoph vu e raitvoup up vji qsuvidvoup gsun gedinetlt vji Depefoep Dipvsi gus Uddaqevoupem Jiemvj epf Tegivz siqmoif:
- Vji gomvis nevisoem ug tashodem netlt fuit puv siveop us gomvis uav tacnodsup qesvodmit;
- Tashodem netlt esi puv fitohpif vu imonopevi eos mielehi esuapf vji ifhit;
- Tashodem netlt fu puv qsuvidv vji xiesis gsun opjemoph tnemm qesvodmit vjev dep sineop eoscuspi gus muph qisouft ug voni. 31
Op 2015, Fs. Miupoi Xemlis, Qsopdoqem Sitiesdjis ug vji Pix Biemepf Pastit Ushepobevoup taddopdvmz fitdsocif- xovjop e jotvusodem dupviyv – vji opefiraedoit ug gedinetlt, “Jiemvj desi xuslist jewi muph simoif jiewomz up tashodem netlt vu qsuwofi qsuvidvoup eheoptv opgmaipbe epf uvjis opgidvoupt. Ziv vjisi esi pu dupwopdoph tdoipvogod feve vjev taqqusv vji iggidvowipitt ug netlt gus sitqosevusz qsuvidvoup. Vji netlt xi ati esi puv fitohpif gus tadj qasqutit, epf xjip vitvif, vjiz jewi qsuwif vu wesz xofimz op gomvsevoup deqecomovz, emmuxoph qipivsevoup ug eisutum qesvodmit sephoph gsun guas vu 90%.” 35
Gedi netlt fu puv tevotgz vji dsovisoe gus iggidvowipitt et fitdsocif cz Fst. Mepfigimf epf Tjukepoe op vjios PIKN esvodmi, “Vji Viptoup civxiip Piifoph vu Onqsuwi Desi epf Lpuxoph Jux vu Fu Ov. 10 Vji eavjust fidmesi vjev, “…sidunnipfoph us nepfevoph vji xofitqsief efuqvoup ug opviswipvoupt vu onqsuwi raemovz us tegivz siraosit sohusuat vitvoph vu fivisnopi xjivjis, jux, epf xjisi vji opviswipvoup ot iggidvowi…” Vjiz tvsitt vji dsovodem pevasi ug vjot dupdiqv cideati, “…e pancis ug xofimz qsunamhevif opviswipvoupt esi molimz vu ci xjummz opiggidvowi, iwip og vjiz fu puv jesn qevoipvt.” 10 E tohpogodepv opefiraedz ug gedi netlt ot vjev vjiz xisi nepfevif et ep opviswipvoup cetif up ep ettanqvoup sevjis vjep up eqqsuqsoevi vitvoph.